Состояние вазопрессин-, окситоцин- и кортиколиберинсинтезирующих структур гипоталамуса при экспериментальном сахарном диабете у крыс различного пола

Abstract

The endocrine status of the pancreas and the hypothalamic neurosecretory nuclei were studied by radioimmunoassay, immunocytochemical, morphometric and histochemical methods in Wistar rats of both sexes with experimental diabetes mellitus. The development of diabetes mellitus was characterized by ß-celi destruction and insulin concentrations reduction in these ceils and the blood, by increase of glucagon and somatostatin levels in the a- and 6-cells, respectively, as well as by the growth of these substances concentrations in the peripheral blood. These changes were parallelled by activation of the vasopressin-, oxitocin and corticoliberin- synthesizing neurones of the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus, as evidenced by morphometric findings and by increase of the blood vasopressin and corticoliberin concentrations and oxitocin level in the hypothalamus. Experimental diabetes mellitus was found to be characterized by activation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseo-adrenal system. Functional differences in the contribution of vasopressin- and oxitocin-synthesizing neurones of the hypothalamic nuclei in the pathogenesis of the disease is shown, as are their sex-specific reactions.